Ph.D. Thesis

My doctoral research combined machine learning with robust signal processing in low signal-to-noise regimes.

PhD thesis visual

Thesis: Detection of underground installations in hostile environments.

During my PhD studies, I had the privilege of working on a project funded by the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) and led by my adviser, Prof. Nathan Intrator, together with Nobel laureate Prof. Leon N. Cooper. The project combined machine-learning techniques with a bank of unmatched filters to estimate object distance from time-of-arrival in signal-to-noise-ratio regimes below the classical detection threshold. This approach enabled the use of low-power acoustic pulses to detect underground installations while remaining covert.

Publications Based on the Thesis

  1. 2008 Journal

    A data fusion and multiple ping method for improving the resolution of low-power acoustic and seismic sensing

    A. Apartsin, N. Intrator

    J. Acoustical Society of America, 124(4)

    Combines multiple low-power pings through data fusion to sharpen range resolution in acoustic and seismic sensing. Fusing repeated weak pulses recovers detail that would otherwise demand a single high-power ping, keeping the sensing covert and energy-efficient.

  2. 2010 Conference

    SNR-dependent filtering for Time Of Arrival estimation in high noise

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    IEEE Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing

    Adapts the filtering stage to the local signal-to-noise ratio when estimating a pulse's time of arrival. Tuning the filter to noise conditions keeps arrival-time estimates accurate even far below the classical detection threshold.

  3. 2011 Conference

    Biosonar-inspired source localization in low SNR

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    Int. Conf. Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing

    Draws on biological sonar strategies to localize a source under very low signal-to-noise ratios. The bio-inspired design pinpoints targets in regimes where conventional matched filtering breaks down under heavy noise.

  4. 2012 Journal

    Semi-coherent time of arrival estimation using regression

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    J. Acoustical Society of America, 132(2)

    Estimates time of arrival with a semi-coherent regression method that blends coherent and incoherent processing. The regression formulation improves timing accuracy while staying robust to the phase uncertainty of noisy returns.

  5. 2013 Journal

    Time-of-flight estimation in the presence of outliers. Part I: Single echo processing

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 52(6)

    Estimates time of flight from a single echo while explicitly rejecting outlier measurements. Handling outliers directly keeps range estimates stable when stray reflections or noise spikes corrupt the signal.

  6. 2013 Journal

    Time-of-flight estimation in the presence of outliers. Part II: Multiple echo processing

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 52(7)

    Extends outlier-robust time-of-flight estimation to settings with multiple overlapping echoes. Jointly processing several echoes resolves closely spaced returns that single-echo methods cannot separate.

  7. 2014 Journal

    Energy-Efficient Time-of-Flight Estimation in the Presence of Outliers: A Machine Learning Approach

    A. Apartsin, L.N. Cooper, N. Intrator

    IEEE J. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations, 7(4)

    Casts robust, low-power time-of-flight estimation as a machine learning problem. Learning from data reaches accurate ranging with weak pulses, cutting energy use while tolerating outliers.

Award

  • 2011: The Don and Sara Maren Foundation award for outstanding achievements in Ph.D. studies.