Area Description Applications Examples
Robust AI AI that remains reliable under noisy, incomplete, distorted, or difficult real-world inputs. Healthcare, Defense, Media, Transportation, Smart Cities, Software, Recruiting, Customer Service 1. LLMs that understand noisy patient narratives
2. LLMs that ask useful follow-up questions
3. LLMs that interpret critical voice communications
4. neural networks that recognize license plates from extreme angles
5. neural networks that detect anomalies in cyber-physical vehicle systems
6. ML models that detect tunnels from weak seismic signals
Specification-Driven Generative AI AI that generates outputs according to strict specifications, constraints, and target properties. Material Science, Healthcare, Education, Media, Defense 1. diffusion models that design new molecules with desired properties
2. LLMs that generate text in a precise style
3. LLMs that generate text with controlled multi-aspect sentiment
4. LLMs that simulate students with specified knowledge gaps
Multi-Agent AI without Coordination AI agents that solve shared tasks without prior coordination, direct communication, or centralized control. Drones, Defense, ML Systems 1. drones that collaboratively allocate themselves across a pool of targets
2. LLMs that evaluate and rank each other’s outputs